Gray glaze is standard on all station post insulators. Can be one part, two parts or three parts type, depending upon application voltage. There are several types of insulators but the most commonly used are pin type, suspension type, strain insulator and shackle insulator. E substation standards stacking post insulators 24. Mar 09, 20 this is the simple ppt explaining about the main components of the power systems. Apr 01, 2017 types of insulator used in over head line. Types of insulators complete knowledge database of.
Hollow core insulators offer significant benefits such as seismic resistance, lighter weight, better contamination performance, and increased safety against a catastrophic failure. However, for high voltage transmission lines, strain insulator consists of an assembly of suspension insulators as shown in figure. The modules are assembled in accordance with the required configuration. A switchyard is a substation without transformers which operates only at a single voltage level. Oct 11, 2012 in gas insulated substation various power substation equipments like circuit breakers, current transformers, voltage transformers, busbars, earth switches,surge arresters, isolators etc are in the form of metal enclosed sf6 gas modules. The substations are mainly used to convert ac alternating current to dc direct current. In depth study and practical knowledge on this subject is. Insulators are used in substations for avoiding contact with humans or short circuit. Types of insulators in transmission lines properties of. Pin, suspension, and strain insulators are used in medium to high voltage. There are two types of construction in disc insulators 1 cemented cap type and 2 hewlett or interlinking type. The flat surfaces permit bolting directly to support insulators and provide convenient connection points. For 33kv two parts and for 66kv three parts pin insulator are generally used. Step up substation associated with generating station as the generating voltage is low.
Cellulose is primarily made from recycled newsprint. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. Types of insulatorsthere are several types of insulators but the most commonly usedare pin type, suspension type, strain insulator and shackle insulator. It describes various types of substations, illustrates typical layouts, and presents guidelines to be used during detailed design. Transmission, sub transmission and distribution substation 4. In case of suspension insulators, the conductor is below the crossarm connected and suspended from. A substation is an electrical system with highvoltage capacity and can be used to control the apparatus, generators, electrical circuits, etc. This supply system is unreliable because of total blackout when source fails, or line develops a fault. How many type of insulator use in electrical transmission and. Nov 24, 2019 for example, most ceramics are excellent insulators but if you dope them, you can create a superconductor. A mobile substation is a substation on wheels, containing a transformer, breakers and buswork mounted on a selfcontained semitrailer, meant to be pulled by a truck. Substation types electrical substation components scribd. Breaking load of insulators with the shed of the insulating part cracked or completely broken off.
Substation types distribution substation located near to the endusers changes the transmission or subtransmission voltage to lower levels for endusers distribution voltages varies from 34,500y19,920 v to 4,160y2400 v blast and burn generally associated with fault current. Technical article polymeric insulators submitted by. There are numerous types of insulators such as shackle, strain type, suspension type, and stray type etc. Ohe insulators in ohe there are different types of insulators are being used. There are 5 types of insulators used in transmission lines as overhead insulation. Switchyards are mainly used for connections and interconnections. C substation standards type g, h, and k terminal boxes 26.
While stay and shackle insulators are mainly used in low voltage applications. There are several types of insulators in transmission lines but the most commonly used are pin type, suspension type, strain insulator and shackle insulator. There are different types of insulators such as suspension type, strain type, stray type, shackle, pin type and so on. As the name suggests, the pin type insulator is secured to the crossarm on the pole. Insulators in use n pin insulators usually used in power network up to 33 kv system. The 4 most common switchgearbased substation types eep. Substation types free download as powerpoint presentation. For the successful operation of power lines, proper selection of insulators is very essential. Most commonly used material for overhead line insulators is porcelain. The most commonly used material for the manufactures of insulators is porcelain. These insulators are equipped with stay arm tube in cantilever, these insulators are having two different types. Mv line post insulators mv hybrid line post insulators mv suspension insulators mv pin type insulators mv iec type post insulators.
These systems can be associated with a transformer substation, or can be a separate, standalone facility. But nowaday, they are frequently used for low voltage distribution lines. In the radial substation, there is only one source of feeding the load as shown in the figure below. Insulators are used for insulation purpose while erecting electric poles with conductors to avoid short circuit and for other insulation requirements.
Oct 22, 2016 indoor substation is inside a building. They support the conductor or busbar and confine the current to the conductor. May 22, 2018 different types of insulators in transmission lines. This chapter presents general information concerning the design of the substation physical arrangement. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. All of these materials are produced using recycled waste materials. The discs of strain insulators are used in the vertical plane. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. The insulators are the materials which do not permit flow of electrons through it. Orient power is a post insulator manufacturer and supplies all types of post insulators, such as iec series solid core station post insulators, tr series porcelain station post insulators, standoff post type insulators, composite station post insulators and post insulator for switch or electric apparatus as per ansi, bs, iec, etc. Half sectional views different type of distribution systems and methods of connections. With a pin insulator the conductor is connected to the insulator and is above the crossarm. Isolators are used to open a circuit under no load.
For low voltage lines insulators are used as strain insulators. Pin type insulators as the name suggests, the pin type insulator is secured to the cross arm on the pole. To increase ampacity, two angles or channels can be used. Individual insulators with the insulating part shaped as a dish made from porcelain or. Such insulators can be used either in a horizontal position or in a vertical position. Power substation types basics of substation design.
Components and substations for electrical transmission and. They are designed to be compact for travel on public roads, and are used for temporary backup in times of natural disaster or war. This specification should not be used for zone substation insulators or insulators that form part of pole mounted equipment such as pole top switches. Pure water is an insulator, dirty water conducts weakly, and saltwaterwith its freefloating ionsconducts well. Types of insulator distribution systems substation line.
Typical applications are for 11 kv, 33 kv and 66 kv hv equipment. Types of insulators in transmission lines electrical4u. Such type of substation is used in distribution system particularly in the rural area because of their unimportance. Some types of substations are tiny in size with an inbuilt transformer as well as related switches.
For short circuit loads only, the maximum recommended working load is 100% of published ratings when using formulas from ansi c371972. The successful operation of an overhead groo line depends to a considerable extent upon cond the proper selection of insulators. Technical terms and definitions used in these guidelines. Orientpost insulator manufacturer,station post insulator. Typical application areas for different types of insulators. But glass, steatite and some other special composite material may also be used sometimes.
This specification applies to pin, strain shackle, line post and long rod insulators, which will be installed on 3 phase 0. Electrical substation components and their workings. Isolator is a manually operated mechanical switch which separates a part of the electrical power. A few types of insulators are shown in the above figure.
Dec 19, 2018 types of electrical substations and functions december 19, 2018 by dave leave a comment an electrical substation plays an important part of the electrical system as it acts a bridge in transferring the electricity from the power generation source unit to the end consumers by working to speed up or slow down the current when required. They can be directly fixed to the pole with a bolt or to the cross arm. There is a groove on the upper end of the insulator for housing the conductor. The structural shape conductors that have been used in outdoor substation construction consist primarily of angle and channel types. Hollow core insulators directly replace porcelain insulators used on substation apparatus applications. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. The most common types of materials used for loosefill insulation include cellulose, fiberglass, and mineral rock or slag wool. Shackle insulator in early days, the shackle insulators were used as strain insulators.
Insulators are generally classified in following types. Different layouts for substation radial, tapped, lilo. Most fiberglass products contain 40% to 60% recycled glass. Electrical substation components list diagram, working.